Glossary

• Butane and Propane Extraction: These methods use butane or propane as solvents to extract cannabinoids and terpenes. They are known for producing highly potent concentrates like shatter, wax, and live resin¹. Hydrocarbon extraction is favored for its ability to retain a full spectrum of terpenes, resulting in flavorful and aromatic products¹.

• Cryo-Ethanol Extraction: This involves using cold ethanol to extract cannabinoids and terpenes. It is efficient and can produce high-quality extracts with a broad spectrum of cannabinoids². Ethanol extraction is often used for creating tinctures, edibles, and full-spectrum extracts².

• Rosin Pressing: This method uses heat and pressure to extract cannabinoids and terpenes without the use of solvents. It produces a clean, high-quality product known as rosin³. Rosin is highly valued for its purity and the preservation of the plant’s natural profile³.
• Ice Water Extraction: Also known as bubble hash, this method uses ice water to separate trichomes from the plant material. The resulting product is a high-quality hash that can be further processed into rosin³.

Cannabis flowers are gently soaked in ethanol, a clear and pure solvent. As the ethanol mingles with the plant material, it dissolves the precious cannabinoids and terpenes, creating a rich, green solution. This mixture is then filtered to remove any plant debris, leaving behind a potent liquid. The final step involves evaporating the ethanol, revealing a concentrated extract ready to be transformed into tinctures, edibles, or full-spectrum oils.

Carbon dioxide is pressurized and heated until it reaches a supercritical state, neither fully liquid nor gas. This supercritical CO2 is then passed through the cannabis material, acting as a solvent to extract cannabinoids and terpenes. The process is meticulously controlled, ensuring that only the desired compounds are captured. Once the extraction is complete, the CO2 is safely removed, leaving behind a pure, amber-colored extract. This extract is often used to create distillates, vape oils, and other high-purity products.

In a specialized extraction room, butane or propane is used to create some of the most potent cannabis concentrates. The process begins with cannabis flowers being placed in a closed-loop system. Butane is introduced, dissolving the cannabinoids and terpenes from the plant material. The solution is then purged of butane through a careful heating process, ensuring no residual solvents remain. The result is a variety of textures and consistencies, from glass-like shatter to creamy wax and flavorful live resin, each capturing the essence of the cannabis plant.

A cool room is where ice water extraction takes place. Fresh cannabis flowers are submerged in ice-cold water, and the mixture is gently agitated. The cold temperature causes the trichomes, tiny resin glands rich in cannabinoids and terpenes, to break off from the plant material. This mixture is then filtered through a series of fine mesh bags, each capturing different sizes of trichomes. The collected trichomes are dried, resulting in a product known as bubble hash, a potent and flavorful concentrate.

Cannabis flowers or water hash are placed between sheets of parchment paper. Using a rosin press, heat and pressure are applied, causing the cannabinoids and terpenes to ooze out as a sticky, golden resin. This solventless method preserves the natural profile of the plant, resulting in a pure and aromatic concentrate known as rosin. The simplicity and purity of this process make it a favorite among connoisseurs.

In a sophisticated lab, the creation of THCA diamonds begins with a high-quality cannabis extract, often live resin. This extract is placed in a sealed jar and left undisturbed for several weeks. During this time, the THCA slowly crystallizes, forming sparkling diamonds. These diamonds are often combined with terpene-rich sauce, creating a product that is both visually stunning and incredibly potent. The patience and precision required for this process result in one of the most sought-after cannabis concentrates.

Flower: The part of the cannabis plant that is harvested and consumed for its psychoactive and medicinal properties.

Grow Process: The cultivation of cannabis plants, which involves several stages from seed to harvest.

Want Female Plants, Not Male Plants: Female plants produce the buds that are rich in cannabinoids, while male plants are typically removed to prevent pollination and seed production.

Usually Grown from Clones, Taken from Mother Plants: Cloning involves taking cuttings from a mature “mother” plant to produce genetically identical plants.

Veg Phase: The vegetative phase where the plant focuses on growing leaves and stems.

Flower Phase: The flowering phase where the plant produces buds.

Harvest: The process of cutting down the mature cannabis plants to collect the buds.

Dry and Cure: Drying removes moisture from the buds, and curing enhances flavor and potency by allowing the buds to age in a controlled environment.

Trim: Removing excess leaves and stems from the buds to improve appearance and quality.

Cross Breeding, Genetic Modification: Techniques used to create new cannabis strains with desired traits by combining genetics from different plants.

• Coco: A growing medium made from coconut husks.
• Living Soil: Soil that contains a rich ecosystem of microorganisms that support plant health.

• Outdoor: Growing cannabis in natural sunlight.
• Greenhouse: Growing cannabis in a controlled environment that uses natural light supplemented with artificial light.
• Mixed Light: Combining natural and artificial light to optimize growth.
• Indoor: Growing cannabis entirely under artificial light in a controlled environment.

• Sativa: Known for its uplifting and energizing effects.
• Indica: Known for its relaxing and sedative effects.
• These classifications are somewhat outdated: Modern strains often have mixed characteristics.

• Haze: Known for its uplifting and creative effects.
• Kush: Known for its relaxing and sedative effects.
• Skunk: Known for its strong aroma and balanced effects.

Aromatic compounds found in cannabis that contribute to its flavor and effects.

• Examples:
  • Myrcene: Earthy and musky, with relaxing effects.
  • Limonene: Citrus scent, with uplifting effects.
  • Pinene: Pine scent, with alertness-enhancing effects.

Chemical compounds in cannabis that interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system.

• THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol): The primary psychoactive compound.
  • Delta 9 THC: The most common form of THC.
  • Delta 11 THC: A less common form of THC.
  • Delta 8 THC: A milder form of THC with less psychoactive effects.
  • THC-A (Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid): The non-psychoactive precursor to THC.
  • THC-V (Tetrahydrocannabivarin): Known for its potential appetite-suppressing effects.
• CBD (Cannabidiol): Non-psychoactive, known for its potential therapeutic benefits.
• CBG (Cannabigerol): Known for its potential anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties.
• CBN (Cannabinol): Known for its potential sedative effects.
• Others: There are many other cannabinoids with various effects.

The process of separating cannabinoids and terpenes from the cannabis plant.

• Ethanol: Uses ethanol as a solvent.
• CO2: Uses carbon dioxide as a solvent.
• Butane/Hydrocarbon: Uses butane or other hydrocarbons as solvents.

• Distillate: A highly refined cannabis extract.
• Live Rosin: Solventless extract made from fresh or frozen cannabis.
• Live Diamonds: Crystalline structures of THCA formed from live resin or using solvents like pentane for crystallization.
• Liquid Diamonds: Are Live Diamonds that have been decarboxylated to THC which is an oil. This oil is then used to fill vape carts and the product is called live diamonds.
• Sauce: A high-terpene extract with a saucy consistency.
• Sugar: A granular extract with a sugar-like texture.
• Shatter: A brittle, glass-like extract.
• Wax: A soft, waxy extract.
• Bubble Hash: Made using ice water and agitation to separate trichomes.
• Water Hash: where water is used as the solvent to remove trichomes.